Most common Teaching Guiding/ Methods in my teaching when teaching to adult bachelor’s degree students at University of applied sciences were direct instruction/frontal teaching, auditory learning, peer-to-peer learning and Inquiry-based Learning.

Firstly, i understood what actually Learning mean?

Is a process that is active and engaging​, Knowledge acquisition – knowledge creation​, Social activity involving people, actions and cultural context​, Making connections between new ideas and prior knowledge

Direct instruction/frontal teaching is a most common and effective teaching method, I being as a teacher can better understand how students are involved in learning, either they need any special guidance or change in teaching technique. During all lectures and activities, my presence in class, is important for students and even for myself as a teacher.

Peer to peer learning is such an effective educational practice in which students interact with one another to attain educational goals. This technique I used in my multicultural classroom, where students were from different cultures and their learning abilities level were different, they have given a task on topic * reliability and validity in research* they discussed with each other for 15 minutes and later they come up with answers/outcomes and presented in the class. In this learning method, students learnt from each other and, they enhance their abilities surviving and working in a multicultural environment.

Inquiry-Based Learning is a form of active learning, where students come up with questions and queries or discuss different scenarios. Learning approach is quite constructive, mean that learning and teaching at the same time, especially students actively participate in discussion rounds.  ​Usually, it starts with an open-ended question which starts with ‘how’​, both teacher and student share their thoughts. Learners construct their own understanding through experiences and reflecting on those experiences​ Teacher’s role in Inquiry-Based Learning is more than examining and facilitating because careful planning is needed, and it is the teacher’s responsibility to keep the discussion on track. Teacher’s prior knowledge over the topic is also integral. ​ It’s about generating and activating student’s curiosity about learning something new. In a learning environment, a common perception is that students are at receiving end and teachers are always at giving end, it is somehow correct, but in modern pedagogy and planning of the teaching, at the same time teachers are also at receiving end, they are part of continuous learning.

During teaching, I found some students have difficulties in using digital learning tools and they need some guidance and assistance before they start using it practically. Some students might have lack of opportunities of using digital tools and never used it before. Later, students were comfortable in using digital devices. In another situation, I found myself that i am little too fast in speaking and moving forward faster, and students are not able to pick my pace, i immediately reconsider it and brought change in teaching pattern and tried to get students on board and on a level where they can learn better. Some students were inactive and lazy, they have problems in acquiring new knowledge, being a teacher it is always challenging to engage and motivate them. In classroom, i tried to talk with such students and kept trying to engage them

Sources:

1. Inquiry-Based Learning/Tutkiva Oppiminen by Hakkarainen et al., Constructive Alignment by John Biggs)​
2. Tyler, R.W. (1949). Basic principles of curriculum and instruction. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.